Furnace



(No Model.)

0. H. BICALKY.

FURNACE. No. 372,738. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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CHARLES H. BIOALKY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

FU RNAC E.

EJPECIFICATION forming of Letters Patent No. 372,738, dated November 8,1887.

Application filed February 3, 1887. Serial No. 226,344.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES H. BIOALKY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, State of Minnesota, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates to heating-furnaces, and has for its object to saveand utilize a large amount ofheat, which is ordinarily wasted by passingout through the fines and chimneys into the open air. I accomplish thisresult by a greatly-increased radiatingsurface interposed between theburning fuel and the chimney-flue. ii

In furnaces now in general use only a fraction of the heat given off bythe burning fuel is made available for use. The balance passes up thechimney. The tine-pipe will be red hot, while the rest of the furnace(except the firepot) remains at a comparatively low temperatn re. Iovercome this radical defect by a construction simple, economical, andetlicient, and maximize the available heat from any given quantity offuel.

My invention consists of the construction hereinafter fully describedand particularly claimed.

In the drawings, like letters referring to like parts throughout, Figurel is a vertical cen tral section, on lincY Y of Fig. 2, of a furnaceembodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan on the line X X of Fig. 1,and Fig. 3 is a detail showing my means of supporting the grate.

A is the fire-pot, B the ash-pit, and G the smokedome, of anordinaryl'nrnaee. The dome is made of steel, and the fire-pot hasstraight walls. The fire-pot is preferably corrugated, and is made intwo sections, (instead of one, as shown.)

D is a primary or direct draft radiator. It is in shape lil;e a closedsection of a pair of concentric cylinders, or may be described as anannular drum. It surrounds the steel dome, the tops of the two being onthe same level, and is supported in position with several inches clearspace between the outside walls of the dome and the inside walls of theradiator.

The radiator D communicates directly with the steel dome through thedirectdrat't flue E (No model.)

in front, and with the chimney through the smoke-flue F, placed in therear diametrically opposite to the direct-draft flue E.

G- is my secondary or indirect radiator. It is in shape like radiator D,but has a section cut away in front, the two ends being closed andterminating in front about on-the vertical lines of the sides of thefuel and ash doors. It surrounds the fire-pot, with its top below or ona level with the bottom of the steel dome. A somewhat larger free spaceis left between the radiator and the fire-pot than between the primaryradiator and the steel dome. A pair of fines, H and H, connect theradiator G with the steel dome in the rear directly beneath thechimney-flue F. A pair of fines, K and K, connect the extremities of theradiator G in front with the radiator D. as shown, passing up, one each,on the opposite sides of the fuel-opening.

In the front of the radiator I), on a line coincident with thedirect-draft flue E, is an opening or port-hole, a, and in the flue E isplaced a pivoted damper, b, provided with an operating lever or handle,0, which extends outward within the flue E across the radiator,

and through the port a to the outside of the radiator. The port a isprovided with a suitable cap for tightly closing the same. The furnaceis providedwith a suitable base-plate, L, and is surrounded by ajacket,(not shown,) with heat conducting lines to the Various rooms tobe heated,ofthekind in ordinary use.

In-the radiators D and G, at suitable convenient points, are providedhandholesd, for cleaning the radiators when required. Suit able capsclose the same when the furnace is in use.

I use in my furnace the grate liLwhich is of the ordinary form, exceptin two respectsvia, it has a serrated or notched edge or teeth on itsperiphery, and it is supported byjournals and rollers on agrooved flangeor guide in the ash pit, a cross section of which is shown in Fig. 3.

N is a pintle or journal integral with the grate and extending beyondthe edge of the same. P is a little wheel or roller attached loosely tothe journal N, and provided with a raised collar, 0, rigid with thewheel. It is the bearing-flange attached tothe sidewalls of the ash-pit,and is provided with a groove, f, of

greater depth than the collar The roller P rests on the flat surfaces ofthe flange on the groovc,wit-h its collar 6 projecting downward in thegroove. As many of these grooved flanges and journals. with rollers areused'as may be required, three of each, the flanges being three or fourinches in length, being sufficient.

The purpose of my improved bearing is to secure the grate fromdisplacement under the action of heat or rough usage, and to make iteasy to handle. The ordinarygrate warps under the intense heat of thefire-pot and easily gets out of its proper position.

The purpose of the serrated edge is to avoid clinkers and keep up aneven fire on the outside of the body of fuel, as well as in the center.

Over the grate, attached to the walls of the fire-pot adjacent to thegrate, hangs an annulus, S, having inwardly and downwardly projectingteeth similar to those on' the grate. This serrated annulus co-operateswith the serrated grate and straight-walled corrugated firepot to give agood feed-draft up through the outside layers of coal, and to afford aready means for the escape-of the ashes and clinkers.

In the indirect radiator G, between the points where enter the flues HH, may be put a-division-plate, if thought desirable; but this is notessential, as the heat and products of combustion will take the shortestcourse.

The operation of my furnace is as follows: To start the fire mostreadily, the damper bis opened. The products of combustion take theshortest course and pass out of the dome 0, through the direct-draftflue E, to the radiator D, and around through the same to thechimney-flue F. After the firehas become well established, the damper bis closed, thus forcing the flame, smoke, and heat to pass out throughthe indirect fines H II to the rear of the sec ondary'radiator G. Thencea part of it goes each way through the opposite parts of the radiator Gand up through the fines KK to the radiator D, and thence through thewhole length of the same to the chimney-flue F. It will thus be seenthat I greatly increase the radiating-surface over which the products ofcombustion must pass before entering the chimney, in virtue of whichfact the heat is all. utilized instead of being wasted. The location andarrangement of the two radiators are also important features. Theradiator G, in addition to the heat received from the products ofcombustion passing through the same, gets a large amount of heat fromthe fire-pot A. heat directly from the steel dome C. By the secondaryradiator the cold air to be heated inside the jacket is made to passover a largelyincreased hot surface, and is also, by its location,brought into contact with the heating- In a similar manner the radiatorD gets surface much sooner than in existing forms of furnaces.

My consl'ruction'enables me to make a very superior furnace in a verycompact form, requiring small space, and is simple and cheap to build.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:

In a heating-furnace, in combination, the direct radiator D, encirclingthe body of the steel smoke-dome of the furnace, direct-draft

